Heavy metal music culture is globalized with West centrism and gained popularity in various places around the world. How have the Western racial concept and ideologies disseminated and shaped the formation of contemporary global racism through music and musical performances?

Hakka Taiwanese is an ethnic minority under the racial/ethnic category of Han people in Taiwan. Their traditional folk music is historically and socially underrepresented and stereotypically deemed as “uncivil and inferior“ in political expressions of Taiwan’s ethnicity and nationality, particularly under Japanese colonialism and Chinese nationalist dictatorship in the twentieth century.

Video Game is one of the most influential popular cultures in our contemporary, and current scholarship suggests a cohesive relationship between identity stereotypes, the content of video Game, and the process of gaming. How do music and original soundtrack may or may not reinforce such identity stereotypes through gaming, as a form of musicking, with the agency?